Slow theory : taking time over transnational democratic representation

The possibility for transnational democratic representation is a huge topic. This article is restricted to exploring two unconventional aspects. The first concerns 'the representative claim', extending one critical part of previous analysis of the assessment of such claims, especially by largely unelected transnational actors. The second, which strongly conditions the account of the first, concerns ‘slow theory’ as the way to approach building democratic models and, in particular, to approach transnational democratic representation

Development of a heterogeneous laminating resin system

The factors which effect the impact resistance of laminating resin systems and yet retain equivalent performance with the conventional 450 K curing epoxy matrix systems in other areas were studied. Formulation work was conducted on two systems, an all-epoxy and an epoxy/bismaleimide, to gain fundamental information on the effect formulation changes have upon neat resin and composite properties. The all-epoxy work involved formulations with various amounts and combinations of eight different epoxy resins, four different hardeners, fifteen different toughening agents, a filler, and a catalyst. The epoxy/bismaleimide effort improved formulations with various amounts and combinations of nine different resins, four different hardeners, eight different toughening agents, four different catalysts, and a filler. When a formulation appeared to offer the proper combination of properties required for a laminating resin Celion 3K-70P fabric was prepregged. Initial screening tests on composites primarily involved Gardner type impact and measurement of short beam shear strengths under dry and hot/wet conditions

Spin-dependent Hedin's equations

Hedin's equations for the electron self-energy and the vertex were originally derived for a many-electron system with Coulomb interaction. In recent years it has been increasingly recognized that spin interactions can play a major role in determining physical properties of systems such as nanoscale magnets or of interfaces and surfaces. We derive a generalized set of Hedin's equations for quantum many-body systems containing spin interactions, e.g. spin-orbit and spin-spin interactions. The corresponding spin-dependent GW approximation is constructed.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Towards adaptive management: examining the strategies of policy entrepreneurs in Dutch water management

The growing awareness of the complexities and uncertainties in water management has put into question the existing paradigms in this field. Increasingly more flexible, integrated, and adaptive policies are promoted. In this context, the understanding of how to effect policy change is becoming more important. This article analyzes policy making at the micro level, focusing on the behavior of policy entrepreneurs, which we understand here as risk-taking bureaucrats who seek to change policy and are involved throughout the policy-change process. Policy entrepreneurs have received a certain level of attention in the adaptive co-management literature and the policy sciences in past decades. Yet, the understanding of the actions they can take to facilitate policy change remains limited. This study addresses this gap in focusing on the strategies that policy entrepreneurs employ in their efforts to effect policy change. The article draws on both theoretical exploration and in-depth field research on water management in the Netherlands, which included a series of semi-structured interviews and a focus group with policy entrepreneurs. We conclude that policy entrepreneurs employ four types of strategies: (1) attention and support-seeking strategies, to demonstrate the significance of a problem and to convince a wide range of participants about their preferred policy; (2) linking strategies, to link with other parties, projects, ideas, and policy games; (3) relational management strategies, to manage the relational factor in policy-change trajectories; and finally, (4) arena strategies, to influence the time and place wherein decisions are made. Our study suggests that by employing these strategies when the "time is right," the development of policy streams and consequently their coupling can, to some extent, be influenced and steered. In other words, policy entrepreneurs can, to a degree, prepare for a window of opportunity and hence direct policy change

Low-energy models for correlated materials: bandwidth renormalization from Coulombic screening

We provide a prescription for constructing Hamiltonians representing the low energy physics of correlated electron materials with dynamically screened Coulomb interactions. The key feature is a renormalization of the hopping and hybridization parameters by the processes that lead to the dynamical screening. The renormalization is shown to be non-negligible for various classes of correlated electron materials. The bandwidth reduction effect is necessary for connecting models to materials behavior and for making quantitative predictions for low-energy properties of solids.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Correlation between Compact Radio Quasars and Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

Some proposals to account for the highest energy cosmic rays predict that they should point to their sources. We study the five highest energy events (E>10^20 eV) and find they are all aligned with compact, radio-loud quasars. The probability that these alignments are coincidental is 0.005, given the accuracy of the position measurements and the rarity of such sources. The source quasars have redshifts between 0.3 and 2.2. If the correlation pointed out here is confirmed by further data, the primary must be a new hadron or one produced by a novel mechanism.Comment: 8 pages, 3 tables, revtex. with some versions of latex it's necessary to break out the tables and latex them separately using article.sty rather than revtex.st

The alpha-gamma transition of Cerium is entropy-driven

We emphasize, on the basis of experimental data and theoretical calculations, that the entropic stabilization of the gamma-phase is the main driving force of the alpha-gamma transition of cerium in a wide temperature range below the critical point. Using a formulation of the total energy as a functional of the local density and of the f-orbital local Green's functions, we perform dynamical mean-field theory calculations within a new implementation based on the multiple LMTO method, which allows to include semi-core states. Our results are consistent with the experimental energy differences and with the qualitative picture of an entropy-driven transition, while also confirming the appearance of a stabilization energy of the alpha phase as the quasiparticle Kondo resonance develops.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Neutrino Fluxes from Active Galaxies: a Model-Independent Analysis

There are tantalizing hints that jets, powered by supermassive black holes at the center of active galaxies, are true cosmic proton accelerators. They produce photons of TeV energy, possible higher, and may be the enigmatic source of the highest energy cosmic rays. Photoproduction of neutral pions by accelerated protons on UV light is the source of the highest energy photons, in which most of the bolometric luminosity of the galaxy may be emitted. The case that proton beams power active galaxies is, however, far from conclusive. Neutrinos from the decay of charged pions represent an uncontrovertible signature for the proton induced cascades. We show that their flux can be estimated by model-independent methods, based on dimensional analysis and textbook particle physics. Our calculations also demonstrate why different models for the proton blazar yield very similar results for the neutrino flux, consistent with the ones obtained here.Comment: Latex 2.09 with epsf.sty. 12 pages, 2 postscript figures. Compressed postscript version of paper with figures also available soon at http://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1997/madph-97-982.ps.Z or at ftp://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1997/madph-97-982.ps.

Frequency-dependent local interactions and low-energy effective models from electronic structure calculations

We propose a systematic procedure for constructing effective models of strongly correlated materials. The parameters, in particular the on-site screened Coulomb interaction U, are calculated from first principles, using the GW approximation. We derive an expression for the frequency-dependent U and show that its high frequency part has significant influence on the spectral functions. We propose a scheme for taking into account the energy dependence of U, so that a model with an energy-independent local interaction can still be used for low-energy properties.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure